Category Archives: Austria

Crete

Posted on July 26, 2017 by davidseurope

CRETE KRÍTI; Creta (Lat); Candia (It); Girit (Tk). Island in the eastern Mediterranean (the fifth largest Mediterranean island) and the southernmost region of Greece. It was part of the Roman Empire, forming a province with Cyrenaica on the north African coast until … Continue reading →

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Cres

Posted on July 25, 2017 by davidseurope

CRES CHERSO (It). Island in the Gulf of Quarnero (Kvanerić), east of Istria. It belonged to medieval Croatia (and so to Hungary after 1102). For a couple of decades in the 14th century it was under Venetian suzerainty, but had returned to … Continue reading →

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Cremona

Posted on July 22, 2017 by davidseurope

CREMONA City, the seat of a Bishop, on the River Po in northern Italy, southeast of Milan; and A province in modern Italy. The city was taken in 553 from the Ostrogoths by the Byzantines, and lost by them to … Continue reading →

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Cracow

Posted on April 6, 2016 by davidseurope

CRACOW KRAKÓW; Krakau (Ger). Principality in medieval Poland; A Free City, 1815-46; A voivodship (Województwo krakowskie) in 20th century Poland. All are named after the city, which was probably founded in the 8th century and which stands on the upper … Continue reading →

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Constance ~ Imperial Free City

Posted on August 12, 2014 by davidseurope

CONSTANCE, Imperial Free City.   KONSTANZ. City of southern Germany, on the Rhine as it flows from Lake Constance (Bodensee) into the smaller lake, Untersee;  the old city is on the southern bank of the river. Constance was the seat of … Continue reading →

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Congress Poland

Posted on August 6, 2014 by davidseurope

CONGRESS POLAND The Congress of Vienna, 1814-5, awarded the greater part of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw to the Tsar of Russia as a separate Kingdom from his Russian possessions. It included Płock, Kalisz, Łódź, Częstochowa, Kielce, Zamość, Lublin, Łomża, … Continue reading →

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Confederation of the Rhine

Posted on August 2, 2014 by davidseurope

CONFEDERATION OF THE RHINE    Or, Rhenish Confederation; RHEINBUND;  la Confédération du Rhin. In July 1806 a group of German principalities with the foreknowledge and approval of France joined together to form a new Confederation.   From the south of Germany came … Continue reading →

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Cis-Leithnia

Posted on March 18, 2014 by davidseurope

CIS-LEITHNIA   Or, Cis-Leithania; ZISLEITHANIEN. A name for the Austrian half of the Dual monarchy after the Compromise (Ausgleich) of 1867. (The non green area of the map) The River Leitha, a rather insignificant stream, separated Niederösterreich from the Kingdom of … Continue reading →

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Cisalpine Republic

Posted on March 18, 2014 by davidseurope

CISALPINE REPUBLIC Republic in northern Italy, one of the sister republics of the French Republic.   Its name echoed that of the Roman region of Cisalpine Gaul. It was proclaimed in May 1797 in Lombardy, the north Italian region, formerly Austrian, … Continue reading →

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Cîmpulung

Posted on March 15, 2014 by davidseurope

CÎMPULUNG Inter-war county in northern Romania, in the southern Bukovina, named after the town of Cîmpulung Moldovonesc, on the River Moldova, tributary of the Seret, west of Suceava. (There is also a town of Cîmpulung in Wallachia, capital of the … Continue reading →

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Cilli

Posted on March 12, 2014 by davidseurope

CILLI   Or, Cilly. County in the Windisch Mark on the southeastern borders of the Holy Roman Empire.   It was named after its capital, now the town of CELJE in Slovenia, ENE of Ljubljana, northwest of Zagreb, and southwest of Maribor. … Continue reading →

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Chełm

Posted on December 25, 2013 by davidseurope

CHEŁM Kholm (Rus). Voivodship (Województwo chełmskie), 1975-99, in eastern Poland, lying on the border with Ukraine and, for a short distance, Belorussia, across the River Bug. It was named after its capital, which is east of Lublin and south of … Continue reading →

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Cernăuți

Posted on October 30, 2013 by davidseurope

CERNĂUȚI Northernmost județ (county) in inter-war Romania. named after the city – Chernivtsi (Ukr); Chernovtsy (Rus); Czernowitz (Ger). Was the capital of Bukovina in the Austrian Empire until 1918 and is now the capital of the region of Chernivtsi in … Continue reading →

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Cattaro

Posted on October 19, 2013 by davidseurope

CATTARO    Italian name for the Montenegrin port of KOTOR. Like much of the Adriatic seaboard it remained Byzantine long after the interior was lost.  In the 11th century Cattaro was associated with the Principality of Duklja, a forerunner of Montenegro, … Continue reading →

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Carniola

Posted on September 23, 2013 by davidseurope

CARNIOLA    KRAIN  (Ger); KRANJSKA (Slovene). A Mark on the southeastern borders of the Holy Roman Empire; An Austrian Crownland; Briefly a province of the French Empire. Most of it lay in the upper basin of the River Sava, which rose … Continue reading →

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