Category Archives: Russia

Crimea

Posted on August 3, 2017 by davidseurope

CRIMEA KRYM; Krim (Tk). Peninsula in the northern Black Sea, called by the ancient Greeks Chersonesus Taurica, the peninsula of the Tauri (the people living there). The southern shores of the peninsula were colonised intermittently by Greeks and Byzantines, the northern lands were … Continue reading →

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Cracow

Posted on April 6, 2016 by davidseurope

CRACOW KRAKÓW; Krakau (Ger). Principality in medieval Poland; A Free City, 1815-46; A voivodship (Województwo krakowskie) in 20th century Poland. All are named after the city, which was probably founded in the 8th century and which stands on the upper … Continue reading →

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Congress Poland

Posted on August 6, 2014 by davidseurope

CONGRESS POLAND The Congress of Vienna, 1814-5, awarded the greater part of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw to the Tsar of Russia as a separate Kingdom from his Russian possessions. It included Płock, Kalisz, Łódź, Częstochowa, Kielce, Zamość, Lublin, Łomża, … Continue reading →

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Circassia

Posted on March 18, 2014 by davidseurope

CIRCASSIA Region in the northwest Caucasus. The West and East Circassian languages (Adygei and Kabardian) together with Abkhaz and Abazanian constitute the Northwest Caucasus language group. The Russian Principality of Tmutorokan, in the region between the Sea of Azov and … Continue reading →

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Cîmpulung

Posted on March 15, 2014 by davidseurope

CÎMPULUNG Inter-war county in northern Romania, in the southern Bukovina, named after the town of Cîmpulung Moldovonesc, on the River Moldova, tributary of the Seret, west of Suceava. (There is also a town of Cîmpulung in Wallachia, capital of the … Continue reading →

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Ciechanów

Posted on March 12, 2014 by davidseurope

Voivodship (Województwo ciechanowskie), 1975-99, in east central Poland, named after its capital, which is north of Warsaw. Continue reading →

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Chuvashia

Posted on March 10, 2014 by davidseurope

CHUVASHIA Autonomous Republic in the Russian Federation, lying almost entirely south of the Volga, west of Kazan. The Chuvash were once nomadic. Their language is related to Turkish but fits into none of the established Turkic groups. Their legends make … Continue reading →

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Chernigov

Posted on February 13, 2014 by davidseurope

CHERNIGOV   CHERNIHIV (Ukr);  Czernihòw (Pol). A medieval Russian Principality; A Russian province; A Soviet and now Ukrainian oblast (region).  Named after the city of Chernigov (now Chernihiv), which is northeast of Kiev and stands on the River Desna, a tributary … Continue reading →

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Cherkessia

Posted on February 12, 2014 by davidseurope

CHERKESSIA District on the lower northern slopes of the northwestern Caucasus, drained by the River Kuban, on which the town of Cherkessk, which is south of Stavropol, stands.   The Cherkess are an indigenous Caucasian people, whose language is Abazanian, a … Continue reading →

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Chełm

Posted on December 25, 2013 by davidseurope

CHEŁM Kholm (Rus). Voivodship (Województwo chełmskie), 1975-99, in eastern Poland, lying on the border with Ukraine and, for a short distance, Belorussia, across the River Bug. It was named after its capital, which is east of Lublin and south of … Continue reading →

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Chechnya

Posted on December 23, 2013 by davidseurope

CHECHNYA    Or, Chechenya (which was once quite common but has lost out). District on the northern slopes of the Caucasus;  an autonomous Republic in the Russian Federation from 1992, but a self-proclaimed independent Republic from 1991 and a conquered territory … Continue reading →

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Chechen-Ingush Republic

Posted on December 23, 2013 by davidseurope

CHECHEN-INGUSH REPUBLIC The Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Oblast (Region) on the northern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains was formed within the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic in 1934 by joining the Chechen and Ingush autonomous regions, formed in 1922 and 1924,.   The … Continue reading →

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Cetatea Albă

Posted on October 30, 2013 by davidseurope

CETATEA ALBĂ The easternmost judeţ  (county) in inter-war Romania, bounded by the Dniester to the north and the Black Sea to the east. It had earlier belonged to the Ottoman district of Bujak and the Russian province of Bessarabia, and … Continue reading →

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Cernăuți

Posted on October 30, 2013 by davidseurope

CERNĂUȚI Northernmost județ (county) in inter-war Romania. named after the city – Chernivtsi (Ukr); Chernovtsy (Rus); Czernowitz (Ger). Was the capital of Bukovina in the Austrian Empire until 1918 and is now the capital of the region of Chernivtsi in … Continue reading →

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Cerigo

Posted on October 27, 2013 by davidseurope

CERIGO   Italian form of KÍTHIRA (Cythera, old spelling) Greek island off the coast of the southeastern Peloponnese (said to be the island where Aphrodite rose from the waves). After the Fourth Crusade and the destruction of the Byzantine Empire in … Continue reading →

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